This used to be done by hand by blacksmiths. Metal is heated before it is manipulated to the desired shape using a forging hammer. Forging is now a worldwide industry with modern forging facilities producing high-quality metal parts in a vast array of sizes, shapes, materials, and finishes. Since then, forging has evolved along with advances in equipment, robotics, electronic controls, and automation. The Industrial Revolution allowed forging to become a more efficient, mass-production process.
Traditional products include kitchenware, hardware, hand tools, and edged weapons. At first, bronze and copper were the most common forged metals, in the Bronze Age: later, as the ability to control temperature and the process of smelting iron was discovered, iron became the primary forged metal. History of forgingįorging has been practiced by smiths for thousands of years. Forging involves the shaping of metal through compressive forces such as hammering, pressing, or rolling. The process is economically sound with the ability to mass produce parts, and achieve specific mechanical properties in the finished product. The basic concept is that the original metal is plastically deformed to the desired geometric shape-giving it higher fatigue resistance and strength. The forging process can produce parts with superb mechanical properties with minimum waste. Very soft metals such as aluminum, brass, and copper can also be forged. Typical metals used in forging include carbon steel, alloy steel, and stainless steel. Forging is often categorized according to the temperature at which it is performed-cold, warm, or hot forging.Ī wide range of metals can be forged. These compressive forces are delivered with a hammer or die. How do modern forging facilities manipulate metal into forged parts? What is forging?įorging is a manufacturing process involving the shaping of a metal through hammering, pressing, or rolling.
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